Food is a core aspect of survival Minecraft, so when creating edible items you have to consider the food's usage with other edible items.

Unless you're making a mod with overpowered items, you should consider:

• How much hunger your edible item adds or removes.
• What potion effect(s) does it grant?
• Is it early-game or endgame accessible?

Adding the Food Component

To add a food component to an item, we can pass it to the Item.Properties instance:

new Item.Properties().food(new FoodProperties.Builder().build())

Right now, this just makes the item edible and nothing more.

The FoodProperties.Builder class has many methods that allow you to modify what happens when a player eats your item:

Method	Description
nutrition	Sets the amount of hunger points your item will replenish.
saturationModifier	Sets the amount of saturation points your item will add.
alwaysEdible	Allows your item to be eaten regardless of hunger level.
fast	Increases the speed your item is eaten.
effect	Adds a status effect when you eat your item. Usually a status effect instance and chance is passed to this method, where chance is a decimal percentage (1f = 100%)

When you've modified the builder to your liking, you can call the build() method to get the FoodProperties.

public static final FoodProperties POISON_FOOD_COMPONENT = new FoodProperties.Builder()
		.alwaysEdible()
		.fast()
		// The duration is in ticks, 20 ticks = 1 second
		.effect(new MobEffectInstance(MobEffects.POISON, 6 * 20, 1), 1.0f)
		.build();

Similar to the example in the Creating Your First Item page, this will use the above component:

public static final Item POISONOUS_APPLE = register(
		new Item(new Item.Properties().food(POISON_FOOD_COMPONENT)),
		"poisonous_apple"
);

This makes the item:

• Always edible, it can be eaten regardless of hunger level.
• A "snack".
• Always give Poison II for 6 seconds when eaten.